The Department of Cosmic Rays and Chronology investigates various topics of Fundamental Physics, Applied Nuclear Physics and Applied Physics to Medicine. In Fundamental Physics, its members work on both theoretical and experimental research. The research groups also work with issues related to particle physics and in the interdisciplinary field of Astroparticles (Astrophysics of Particles); also, Nuclear Physics techniques are applied in rock sample dating and thermochronology studies. In experimental High Energy Physics, the Department is involved in measurements of cosmic rays with emulsions, with investigations on the origin of very high energy cosmic rays and with experiments carried out in particle accelerators such as the LHC and RHIC. In addition, teams are involved with experiments with neutrinos coming from nuclear reactors or distant supernovae. Measurements of brain dynamics are also carried out and analysed by physical methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), tomography optical (TO) and computed tomography (CT). The History and Philosophy of Science and Physics Teaching studies are also among the activities of the DRCC. The department is the oldest of IFGW, having been founded at its beginning, in 1967, when its activities were focused on cosmic ray research by César Lattes (1924-2005) group.